Genetically modified foods: Helpful or harmful? (2024)

Genetically modified foods: Helpful or harmful?

A great deal of controversy surrounds foods that contain genetically modified organisms, or GMOs. Are they safe? Not safe? Should they be regulated or not regulated?

Two things are certain: foods containing GMOs are hitting the market at a rapid pace and they are found in most processed foods. Staying informed on what GMOs are, how they may affect your body, and what foods contain them is all a part of living a healthy, balanced life.

What are GMOs?

GMOs have been in our food supply for more than 20 years. They are made by scientists who have genetically introduced new traits or characteristics to an organism, allowing it to grow faster, look better, taste sweeter, resist herbicides, etc.

While the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates foods and ingredients made from genetically engineered plants and animals to help ensure that they are safe to eat, some argue that the effects they have on the human body are not fully understood.

"GMOs are not natural and could never happen naturally," says Jennifer Teems, MS, RD, LD, a Piedmont clinical dietitian. "But it's important to remember that foods and products today are held to much higher standards than ever before in history."

How do GMOs affect the body?

According to the American Academy of Environmental Medicine (AAEM), there are no human clinical trials of GMO foods, but those done with animals indicate serious health risks linked to GMOs. These include:

Another concern is that because these foods are engineered to withstand herbicides, more of the toxic substances are sprayed on the plants, which ultimately increases the trace amounts of herbicides found in foods.

"Food is so complex that it’s hard to study it and determine the ramifications of GMOs," says Teems. "I tell my patients not to fixate on avoiding GMOs, because that’s nearly impossible. Instead, concentrate on eating a heart-healthy diet that is high in fruits and veggies, and low in added sugar and processed foods.”

Which foods have GMOs?

The most common genetically modified crops in the U.S. are:

Products derived from these foods, including oils, all contain traces of GMOs. The 10 most popular foods that contain GMOs are:

  1. Carbonated soft drinks (high fructose corn syrup made from sugar beets)

  2. Milk (cows are fed genetically modified soy products)

  3. Meat (farm animals are raised with genetically modified feed containing soy products)

  4. Tofu (GMO soy beans)

  5. Vegetable and canola oils (rapeseed - canola, soybean, corn, sunflower, safflower)

  6. Cereals (corn and soy products and non-cane sugars)

  7. Sweetened juices (corn- and sugar beet-based sweeteners)

  8. Baby formula (GMO corn, sugar beets and soy)

  9. Frozen foods (starch is added from GM corn, fats and oils from GM plants, citric acid made from GM microorganisms)

  10. Canned soups (corn-based thickeners and flavoring enhancements)

How to avoid GMOs

Food manufacturers are not required to label if their food is genetically modified, but GMO labeling advocates continue to raise concerns surrounding this issue. Until laws change, there is some hope for steering clear of GMOs if you wish to do so. The following guidelines may help you keep the GMOs in your diet to a minimum:

  1. Buy food that is labeled 100 percent organic. It has no GMOs.

  2. Choose whole foods that you can prepare yourself instead of processed or prepackaged foods.

  3. Look for "non-GMO" or "GMO-free" labels.

  4. Purchase grass-fed beef.

  5. Shop at local farmers markets. These are much less likely to carry genetically-altered foods.

Teems does not think we'll know the real impact of GMOs any time soon.

"Ultimately I would like to see a study on GMOs done by an academic institution to ensure it is an unbiased study. But that study would have to be so complex to get to the bottom of it. There would have to be various study groups to include those eating processed foods and those eating a healthy diet."

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Genetically modified foods: Helpful or harmful? (2024)

FAQs

Are genetically modified foods helpful or harmful? ›

Do GMOs affect your health? GMO foods are as healthful and safe to eat as their non-GMO counterparts. Some GMO plants have actually been modified to improve their nutritional value. An example is GMO soybeans with healthier oils that can be used to replace oils that contain trans fats.

What is genetically modified food What are the disadvantages of this food? ›

GM crops disrupt the natural process of gene flow because the “better” traits produced from engineering genes can result in the favouring of one organism. It endangers farmers and trade along with the environment. It is more inclined towards marketization of farming that works on immoral profits.

Do the benefits of genetically modified foods outweigh the risks? ›

The UQ PhD study found the benefits of GM plants and food outweighed the risks, finding no compelling evidence of harm to humans from GM plants.

What GMO foods should you avoid? ›

If a food item isn't organic or doesn't have a Non-GMO Project seal, avoid products that come from the most common GMO crops. This includes corn, soy, canola, papaya, zucchini and yellow summer squash, sugar beets and cottonseed.

Do GMOs help or harm the environment? ›

Biodiversity Loss: The use of some GM crops can have negative impacts on non-target organisms and on soil and water ecosystems. For example, the expansion of GM herbicide-tolerant corn and soy, which are twinned with herbicides, has destroyed much of the habitat of the monarch butterfly in North America.

What are the 10 advantages of GMO? ›

  • Food supplies become predictable. ...
  • Nutritional content can be improved. ...
  • We receive medical benefits from GMO crops. ...
  • It creates foods that are more appealing to eat. ...
  • Genetically modified foods are easier to transport. ...
  • Herbicides and pesticides are used less often. ...
  • GMO crops may cause antibiotic resistance.

What are 3 pros and 3 cons of GMO foods? ›

GMO foods are designed to be healthier and cheaper to produce. Advantages of GMO foods include added nutrients, fewer pesticides, and cheaper prices. Disadvantages of GMO foods can be allergic reactions or increased antibiotic resistance.

What is a big problem with genetically modified foods? ›

the risk of outcrossing, where genes from GMO foods pass into wild plants and other crops. a negative impact on insects and other species. reduction in other plant types, leading to a loss of biodiversity.

Why should GMOs be banned? ›

There are an enormous number of published scientific studies showing that GMOs and their associated pesticides a responsible for multiple serious health problems for people, animals, and the wider environment.

What does bioengineered food do to your body? ›

Bioengineered Foods are Potentially Unhealthy.

These bioengineered food products can introduce novel organisms into our bodies that can cause harm. Genetic engineering can introduce a novel protein into a fruit or vegetable that could trigger an allergic reaction in those who are sensitive to that particular protein.

Do GMOs increase our access to healthy food? ›

GM crops could contribute to food production increases and higher food availability. There may also be impacts on food quality and nutrient composition. Finally, growing GM crops may influence farmers' income and thus their economic access to food.

Is it safe to eat bioengineered food ingredients? ›

According to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), “GMO foods are as healthful and safe to eat as their non-GMO counterparts.” In addition, the FDA concluded that any long-term health effects from GMOs are no different from those from non-GMO foods.

What illnesses have been linked to GMOs? ›

It seems highly unlikely that all of these can be random coincidence." They point out that according to "the American Academy of Environmental Medicine's position paper on genetically modified (GM) foods: '[S]everal animal studies indicate serious health risks associated with GM food consumption including infertility, ...

Which fruits are genetically modified? ›

A few fresh fruit and vegetables are available in GMO varieties, including potatoes, summer squash, apples, papayas, and pink pineapples. Although GMOs are in a lot of the foods we eat, most of the GMO crops grown in the United States are used for animal food.

What fruits Cannot be GMO? ›

The following are just a few examples of foods that are not grown in GMO varieties:
  • Oranges, Lemons, and Limes.
  • Asparagus.
  • Cucumbers.
  • Celery.
  • Bananas.
  • Peaches.
  • Spinach.
  • Tomatoes.
Nov 8, 2022

Is genetic engineering good or bad? ›

While the upsides of genetic technologies are promising, we also need to consider their downside risks. Access to gene therapies to combat diseases, for example, may be limited to those who can afford them, potentially increasing inequality in health outcomes within and across countries.

Why is GMO banned in Europe? ›

One cause of European opposition to GMOs is that the advantage to agriculture and food production is often considered weak or non-existent, while the risks are considered substantial.

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