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Interval scales have the properties of identity, magnitude, and equal distance. The equal distance between consecutive scale points allows us to know how many units greater than or less than one case is from another on the characteristic being measured. So we can always be confident that the meaning of the distance between 7 and 10 is the same as the distance between 42 and 45. Interval scales do not have a true zero point; the number "0" is arbitrary.

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Many of our standardized tests in psychology use interval scales. An IQ (Intelligence Quotient) score from a standardized test of intelligences is a good example of an interval scale score.

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IQ scores are derived from a lengthy testing process that requires the participant to complete a number of cognitive tasks. Each task is scored and the set of scores is converted into an overall standardized IQ score. IQ scores are created so that a score of 100 represents the average IQ of the population and the standard deviation (or average variability) of scores is 15. A distribution of IQ scores is presented below.

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If one student receives an IQ score of 84 and another student receives and IQ score of 116 we can count on the units having the same meaning in order to make our interpretation. The first student would be 16 points below the mean which would indicate a below average potential for educational pursuits. The second student would be 16 points above the mean which would indicate an above average potential for educational activities.

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There is no zero point for IQ. We do not think of a person as having no intelligence (although we may be tempted to make that evaluation upon occasion). Similarly for standardized scales of personality or other psychological attributes -- a zero point is an arbitrary point on a scale and does not indicate the absence of a quality or characteristic.

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You may need to read a test manual or detailed description of scoring procedures to determine whether a standardized test is measured on an interval scale.

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The interval scale of measurement only permits mathematical operations of addition and subtraction. We can combine amounts or remove amounts. We can discuss an amount that is more, less, or equal to another amount. But, we cannot make statements that involve multiplication or division. When measuring IQ, we can say that a person with an IQ score of 110 is 40 points higher than someone with an IQ score of 70, but we would never say that an IQ of 120 means that someone is twice as intelligent as someone with an IQ of 60. A true zero point is required to make valid statements about mathematical operations of multiplication or division of numbers on a scale.

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Other examples of interval scales in psychological research: Most standardized tests of achievement such as SAT, ACT, MCAT.
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FAQs

How do I save an untitled Google Doc? ›

By default, Google Docs saves documents automatically.
  1. Step 1: Launch Google Docs and Open the Document. Open Google Docs and open a new document or an existing document in Google Docs. ...
  2. Step 2: Edit the Document. ...
  3. Step 3: Document Automatically Saved.
Apr 19, 2024

How do I change an untitled document? ›

Naming a New, Untitled Document:

1. Click UNTITLED DOCUMENT title in top left corner to rename your file. 2. Name your document and Click OK.

How do I recover an untitled document? ›

Go to File >Info> Select Manage Document. Choose Recover Unsaved Documents from the drop-down list. Open the document and save.

How do I open an untitled document? ›

If you cannot open your UNTITLED file correctly, try to right-click or long-press the file. Then click "Open with" and choose an application. You can also display a UNTITLED file directly in the browser: Just drag the file onto this browser window and drop it.

Where are documents that you place on Google Drive stored? ›

All content in Drive is stored in one of these 2 defined spaces: drive and appDataFolder . drive —Includes all user-visible files created in Drive. PDFs, documents, Google Docs, shortcuts, and other content the user uploads is located in the drive space. appDataFolder —Includes per-user application data.

How do I recover a lost Google Doc? ›

Go to your Google Drive. In the side menu, click Trash. Select the file or files you want to recover. Right-click your selection, and click Restore.

What is an untitled document? ›

In computer technology, 'untitled' often refers to a file, document, or project that hasn't been given a specific name by the user. It's a placeholder until the user assigns a unique name.

How do you preserve an untitled document? ›

Saving a New and Untitled Document
  1. Choose Save from the File menu. ...
  2. Choose the folder location for saving the document. ...
  3. Select the name of the folder from the scrolling list. ...
  4. Type a name for the document in the text field and SELECT Save.

How do I convert a Google doc to a Google sheet? ›

Open the Magical panel on a Google Docs document and click the “Transfer” button. Choose whether you transfer to a new Google Sheet or an existing one. Now repeat that for any other Google Docs to Google Sheets transfers you want to do!

Why is the word untitled displayed on the title bar? ›

Google also applies this same concept to new documents created through its storage service Drive; all documents are initially designated as “*ntitled” upon creation until they are given an appropriate title by the user at a later time.

How do I rename a Google document? ›

HERE IS HOW TO RENAME A FILE IN GOOGLE DOCS:
  1. Step 1: Click the name at the top of the file.
  2. Step 2: Then type a new name.
  3. Step 3: Now press Enter.
  4. NOTE: If you share your file with someone else, you'll get their changes as they make them.
Jan 17, 2023

How do I change my Google Docs title? ›

Make a title or heading
  1. On your computer, open a document in Google Docs.
  2. Select the text you want to change.
  3. Click Format. Paragraph styles.
  4. Click a text style: Normal text. Title. Subtitle. Heading 1-6.
  5. Click Apply 'text style. '

How do I find missing documents in Google Drive? ›

Restore a file from Google Drive Trash
  1. Go to drive.google.com.
  2. On the left, click Trash. All your deleted files are listed in “Trash.” To find out how long ago files were added to the “Trash,” you can sort files by their “Trashed date” date.
  3. To restore a file: Right-click the file. Click Restore.

How to recover unsaved Google Docs? ›

Open Google doc, click File from the top menu and click Version history > See version history. Step 2. Then you can see the auto-saved editions of your file, locate the version you want to restore, and click the three dots icon > Restore this version.

How do I find hidden files in Google Drive? ›

Method 1: View Hidden Files
  1. Sign in to your Google Drive account.
  2. In the Search box, type “is:hidden” (without quotes).
  3. Press Enter.
  4. A list of all hidden files throughout your entire Google Drive account will appear.
  5. You can delete any hidden files you don't need.

How do I delete an untitled Google doc? ›

Put a file in the trash
  1. On your computer, open Google Docs, Sheets, or Slides.
  2. Next to the file you want to delete, click More. Remove.
  3. The file will be moved to the trash section of Drive. Learn more about finding and recovering files in the “Trash” section of Drive.

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